April 2025

When people think of common triggers of asthma symptoms, stress rarely makes the list. However, according to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA), stress — and other strong emotions — can trigger asthma symptoms.

How stress affects asthma

It’s common to worry about work, school, or family life every now and then. Sometimes, you may not realize that you’re under stress, or you may ignore it. However, long-term or chronic stress can cause many health problems if you don’t get it under control.

According to the American Psychological Association (APA), chronic stress can worsen respiratory conditions, such as asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The APA also reports that acute stress — a sudden or short-term event, such as the death of a loved one — can trigger an asthma attack in some people.

Stress and anxiety are closely connected. Chronic stress can cause anxiety. Meanwhile, living with uncontrolled anxiety can cause stress. Some 24% to 34% of people with asthma report having an anxiety disorder, according to studies published in BMJ Open. In people with asthma, anxiety is linked to poor asthma control and more episodes of worsening symptoms.

Doctors may prescribe oral corticosteroids (OCS) to treat severe or uncontrolled asthma. These medications, such as prednisone, are taken on a short-term basis.

Warning signs of stress

Anxiety is one of several warning signs of stress you shouldn’t ignore. Here are some others:

• Headache
• Fatigue
• Muscle tension or neck or back pain
• Chest pain
• Rapid heartbeat
• Upset stomach
• Difficulty falling or staying asleep
• Problems with focus or concentration
• Eating too little or too much
• Irritability and short temper
• Memory problems and forgetfulness
• Overuse or abuse of tobacco, alcohol, and drugs
• Social withdrawal

Other emotions that trigger asthma

Stress is one of several strong emotions that can trigger an asthma attack. The AAFA lists anger, fear, excitement, laughter, yelling, and crying as emotional triggers for asthma. Some of these can also cause — or worsen — stress.

How to manage stress

If you have asthma, managing stress and anxiety may help you avoid a stress-induced asthma attack. Follow these stress-reduction strategies from the National Institute of Mental Health:

• Write in a journal.
• Get regular exercise for brain health. The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend that adults get at least 150 minutes of medium-intensity aerobic activity each week, such as brisk walking or jogging.
• Get enough regular, quality sleep, and stick to a sleep routine. The National Sleep Foundation recommends that adults get at least seven hours of sleep each night.
• Limit caffeine, such as from sodas, coffee, or chocolate, to no more than 400 mg each day — or about two or three 12-ounce cups of coffee.
• Reach out to friends or family members for social support.
• Download an app that provides relaxation exercises, such as visualization or deep breathing, or tips for practicing mindfulness, which can help you focus on being in the present moment.

If you notice that stress and emotions trigger your asthma symptoms, talk to your doctor about your asthma medications and asthma action plan. They can also refer you to a mental health provider to help you manage your anxiety and stress.